butane-2,3-diol
floral alcoholFound in 6 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.
Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.
Properties
- Odor description
- flowery
- Odor threshold — other matrix
- 4500 ppb 1 published value · see all 1 with sources
- CAS number
- 513-85-9
FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use
- FEMA number
- 4384
- GRAS publication
- GRAS 23
- FEMA primary name
- Hexanal butane-2,3-diol acetal
Reported use levels (ppm by food category)
Typical vs maximum reported addition levels in finished food. Use as a regulatory ceiling reference — verify against the current GRAS publication for your product category.
| Food category | Typical (ppm) | Maximum (ppm) |
|---|---|---|
| beverages (alcoholic) | 0.6 | 3 |
| beverages (nonalcoholic) | 0.4 | 2 |
| fruit ices | 0.6 | 3 |
| hard candy | 2 | 10 |
| jams/jellies | 1 | 5 |
| soft candy | 2 | 2 |
Published thresholds
1 measured value from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.
Other matrix
4500 ppbMeasured in a non-aqueous medium (oil, starch, cellulose).
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4500 ppb | wine (food: red wine (cabernet sauvignon)) | Literature corpus | — |
Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.
Thresholds in published tables
Numbers printed in open-access papers, grouped by the medium the table states. Median and full range of the values; “agree” means two or more papers whose middle 80% of values sit within 100×. Not reviewed.
| Medium | Median | Range | Values | Papers | Papers agree? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ethanol solution | 5e+04 ppb | 5e+04–5e+04 | 1 | 1 | one paper |
| food matrix | 1.5e+05 ppb | 5e+04–4.5e+06 | 3 | 3 | yes |
| unstated | 7525 ppb | 3–1.5e+05 | 4 | 4 | no (4.7 decades) |
Found in
Measured impact first, then profile shareEvery ingredient known to contain butane-2,3-diol. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of butane-2,3-diol in it.
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