ionone

fruity ketone

Found in 4 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.

Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.

Properties

Odor description: floral
Odor threshold — orthonasal, in clean water: 2.7 ppb 1 published value · see all 1 with sources
CAS number: 127-41-3
Retention index: 1487

Regulatory · United States

FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use

~ Likely match

FEMA number: 4144
GRAS publication: GRAS 22
FEMA primary name: beta-Ionone epoxide

Reported use levels (ppm by food category)

Typical vs maximum reported addition levels in finished food. Use as a regulatory ceiling reference — verify against the current GRAS publication for your product category.

Food category	Typical (ppm)	Maximum (ppm)
baked goods	3	15
breakfast cereal	2	10
cheese	2	10
condiments/ relishes	5	25
egg products	2	10
fats/oils	2	10
fish products	3	15
frozen dairy	5	25
fruit ices	1	5
other grains	3	15
processed fruits	1	5
soft candy	2	10

Source: FEMA GRAS publications 1-33.

Published thresholds

1 measured value from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.

Orthonasal, in clean water

2.7 ppb

The reference measurement — smelled in water. OAV is computed against this.

Threshold	Matrix	Source	Paper
2.7 ppb SIDA	water	Rychlik 1998 · 2 studies	—

Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.

Thresholds in published tables

Numbers printed in open-access papers, grouped by the medium the table states. Median and full range of the values; “agree” means two or more papers whose middle 80% of values sit within 100×. Not reviewed.

Medium	Median	Range	Values	Papers	Papers agree?
air	3500 µg/L air	0.45–7e+03	2	2	no (4.2 decades)
food matrix	456.8 ppb	3.5–1.08e+03	4	4	no (2.5 decades)
unstated	0.2 ppb	0.081–8.4	5	5	no (2.0 decades)
water	5.9 ppb	5.9–5.9	1	1	one paper

Found in

Measured impact first, then profile share

Every ingredient known to contain ionone. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of ionone in it.

410 cmpds

564 cmpds

565 cmpds

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Try the pairing tools to see which ingredient combinations rely on ionone, or compare two ingredients side-by-side.