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How to Roast a Turkey

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Sage and pepper match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 5,388 recipes. Both carry beta-phellandrene, which smells minty, terpene. The science ↓

How to Roast a Turkey

Ingredients

Directions

  1. Soak the bread pieces in warm water until light and flaky, but not mushy.

  2. In a bowl, combine soaked bread, beaten eggs, sage, fried onion, pepper, and salt.

  3. In a skillet, heat butter until light brown, then add the dressing and fry until golden brown, stirring to heat thoroughly.

  4. Fill the turkey with the dressing, leaving room for it to swell, and salt the inside.

  5. Push back the skin from the neck, cut it off close to the body, and stuff the breast from this opening.

  6. Turn the skin back over the opening and sew it shut; no sewing is needed for the other vent.

  7. Press the legs up toward the breast and secure them firmly.

  8. Rub the turkey with salt and place it in the oven.

  9. If using an enclosed pan, no basting is needed; otherwise, add ½ pint of water and baste frequently.

  10. Start roasting in a moderate oven, then increase the heat as needed.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Sage + peppertop 3% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together5,388 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).

  2. Bread + buttertop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together27,232 recipes

    Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).

  3. Onion + peppertop 11% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together68,474 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).

  4. Sage + oniontop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together3,628 recipes

    Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).

  5. Bread + eggtop 13% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together22,662 recipes

    Shared aroma: (e)-2-octenal (fatty, green).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

Swap the onion

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (bread, egg, sage, butter, pepper):

  1. Capsicumfits better
  2. Shallotfits better
  3. Chivefits better
  4. Onionthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against bread, egg, sage, butter, pepper. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

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