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Dessert

Confectioner's Frosting

A light, fluffy frosting made from egg white, water, vinegar, vanilla extract, and confectioner's sugar.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Vanilla and sugar are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 8% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 35,032 recipes. Both carry beta-damascenone, which smells apple, rose. The science ↓

Confectioner's Frosting

Ingredients

Directions

  1. Measure the egg white, then combine the egg white, water, vinegar, and vanilla extract in a bowl.

  2. Gradually add confectioner's sugar until the frosting is thick and will not run.

  3. Beat the mixture until very light and fluffy.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Vanilla + sugartop 8% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together35,032 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).

  2. Vinegar + sugartop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together20,806 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).

  3. Egg + sugartop 21% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together122,807 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

  4. Egg + vanillatop 23% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together27,347 recipes

    Shared aroma: 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom, earthy).

  5. Vinegar + vanillatop 26% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together804 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).

Vanilla and sugar barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 35,032 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Egg white
Whipped into a foam that traps air, giving the frosting its light, fluffy structure.
Confectioner's sugar
Sweetens the frosting and thickens it as it is added, so it holds its shape.
Vinegar
Adds a little acidity that helps stabilise the egg white foam.

The step that matters

Adding the confectioner's sugar gradually. Sugar stiffens the egg white foam as it goes in. Adding it too quickly can deflate the foam or leave lumps, while stopping too early leaves the frosting runny.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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