Why it works: Milk and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
White Pudding
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the dough
Sift the baking powder with the flour.
Mix the flour and baking powder with milk and enough water to form a soft dough.
Assemble and steam
Butter a pint mold well.
Place a layer of dough in the mold, followed by a layer of preserves or sliced apples, then another layer of dough.
Cover with greased paper and place in a steamer.
Cook for 1 ½ hours.
Serve
Serve with wine or lemon sauce.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Milk + appletop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together4,104 recipes
Shared aroma: 4-heptenal (creamy, biscuit).
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Flour + buttertop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Flour + milktop 14% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together78,219 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Apple + buttertop 14% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together8,706 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
Flour and butter barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Flour
- Forms the dough structure that holds the pudding together as it cooks.
- Baking powder
- Releases gas in the moist dough, helping the pudding rise and turn light.
- Milk
- Adds moisture and richness to the dough, softening the crumb.
- Preserves or sliced apples
- Provides fruit flavor and moisture between the dough layers.
The step that matters
Cover with greased paper and place in a steamer. Steam keeps the pudding moist while it cooks. If the cover is not sealed or the steamer runs dry, the surface can dry out and the dough can cook unevenly.
Swap the apple
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (flour, milk, butter):
- Vanillafits better
- Raisinfits better
- Coconutfits better
- Applethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against flour, milk, butter. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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