Why it works: Parmesan cheese and feta cheese share more aroma than cooks usually use. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and 94 recipes mention both. Both carry ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, which smells fruity, apple. The science ↓
The recipe
12 servingsIngredients
Contains: milk, wheat (auto-detected from the ingredients and method; we can miss things, so check labels)
Directions
Method written by CompKitchen from the ingredient list. Not the original author's method, not kitchen-tested.
Heat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil, add the elbow macaroni, and cook until just tender, about 8 minutes. Drain and set aside.
Cook the chopped onion and ground beef in a large skillet over medium-high heat, breaking up the meat, until browned and cooked through, about 8 minutes. Drain off excess fat, then reach at least 160°F (71°C) in the thickest part.
Stir the diced tomatoes, ground cinnamon, salt, and pepper into the beef. Simmer uncovered over medium-low heat for 10 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Melt the butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk the cornstarch into 1 cup of the milk until smooth, then whisk it into the pan with the remaining milk.
Cook the milk mixture, whisking constantly, until it thickens enough to coat a spoon, about 5 minutes. Stir in half the Parmesan and season with salt and pepper.
Butter a 9x13-inch baking dish. Spread half the macaroni in the dish, top with half the meat sauce, then sprinkle with half the crumbled feta.
Repeat the layers with the remaining macaroni, meat sauce, and feta. Pour the cheese sauce evenly over the top and sprinkle with the remaining Parmesan.
Bake uncovered for 35 to 40 minutes, until the top is golden and bubbling. Let rest for 10 minutes before cutting into squares.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much aroma chemistry they share, and how many recipes mention both.
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Parmesan cheese + feta cheesetop 1% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together94 recipes
Shared aroma: ethyl 2-methylbutyrate (fruity, apple).
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Beef + oniontop 3% of all pairsAroma overlapmoderateMentioned together17,091 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
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Beef + tomatotop 3% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together5,445 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
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Parmesan cheese + tomatotop 3% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together2,490 recipes
Shared aroma: 4'-methylacetophenone (bitter almond).
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Feta cheese + tomatotop 3% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together828 recipes
Shared aroma: ethyl caproate (fruity, apple peel).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
Flavor stand-ins for the cinnamon
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (beef, onion, parmesan cheese, feta cheese, tomato, pepper, milk):
- Garlicbetter flavor fit
- Oreganobetter flavor fit
- Basilbetter flavor fit
- Cinnamonthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against beef, onion, parmesan cheese, feta cheese, tomato, pepper, milk. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes. This compares flavor only: it does not check the job the ingredient does in the dish (bulk, moisture, acidity, structure).
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