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Dessert

Finnish Bread

A sweet Finnish bread made with raisins, sugar, cardamom seed, milk, butter, eggs, and yeast.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Raisin and flour match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 9,075 recipes. Both carry isobutyraldehyde, which smells malty, green. The science ↓

Finnish Bread

four loaves

Ingredients

Directions

Prepare

  1. Mix raisins, sugar, cardamom seed first.

  2. Add warm water, eggs, melted butter, salt, flour, yeast cake, and the remaining ingredients at night, into a stiff loaf.

Rise and shape

  1. In the morning, mix again into a loaf and allow to rise.

  2. Mold into loaves or rolls and set to rise once more.

Bake

  1. Brush over with butter and sugar, then bake.

  2. Bread with sugar, butter and eggs requires longer to rise.

Nutrition, whole recipe (rough)

895Calories
28 gProtein
26 gFat
136 gCarbs

Counts 7 of 9 ingredients. The other 2 aren't in our nutrition table and add nothing above, so the real totals are higher.

What these numbers assume: 7 portions
IngredientPortion assumedkcal
Flour1 cup (125g) all-purpose455
Milk1 cup (244ml) whole149
Butter1 tbsp (14g)102
Egg1 large egg (50g)78
Grape1/2 cup (76g)62
Sugar1 tbsp (12.5g) granulated49
Salt1 tsp (6g)0
Seednot in our table0
Cakenot in our table0

One typical portion per ingredient; the recipe's quantities are not counted. A rough guide only, not for medical or dietary planning.

By Chicago. Bethany union church. Woman's society. [from old catalog]. Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures. See the original page.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Raisin + flourtop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together9,075 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  2. Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together81,283 recipes

    Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).

  3. Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  4. Raisin + sugartop 13% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together12,481 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).

  5. Milk + flourtop 14% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together78,219 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Flour
Forms the gluten network that gives the loaves their structure and chew.
Eggs
Add structure and richness, helping the dough hold its shape and crumb.
Butter
Adds fat for a tender crumb and softer texture.
Yeast cake
Ferments the dough, producing gas that makes it rise.
Milk
Adds moisture and softness to the dough.
Sugar
Adds sweetness and helps the crust brown during baking.

The step that matters

Allowing the dough to rise fully. Sugar, butter and eggs slow yeast activity and weigh down the dough, so it needs longer to rise. Rushing the rise leaves the loaves dense.

Swap the raisin

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (sugar, milk, butter, flour, egg):

  1. Vanillafits about as well
  2. Raisinthe original
  3. Figfits less well
  4. Coconutfits less well

Fit is the average pairing score against sugar, milk, butter, flour, egg. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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