Why it works: Butter and flour are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 12% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes. Both carry isobutyraldehyde, which smells malty, green. The science ↓
White Sauce III
Ingredients
Directions
2 Tablespoons butter, 3 tablespoons flour, \ teaspoon salt, I cup milk, few grains pepper. Mix as White Sauce I. This sauce is used for cutlets, croquets and as a binding agent.
DRAWN BUTTER SAUCE
\ Cup butter, 3 tablespoons flour, ij cups hot water, | teaspoon salt, \ teaspoon pepper. Melt \ the butter, add flour with seasonings, and pour on gradually the hot water. Boil 5 minutes and add remaining butter in small pieces.
BECHAMEL SAUCE
i| Cups white stock, i slice onion, i slice carrot, bit of bay leaf, sprig of parsley, 6 peppercorns, \ cup butter, \ cup flour, I cup scalded milk, ^ teaspoon salt, \ teaspoon of pepper. Cook stock 20 minutes with onion, carrot, bay leaf, parsley and peppercorns, then strain; there should be one cupful. Melt the butter, add flour and gradually hot stock and milk. Season with salt and pepper.
p. E. 0. COOK BOOK
Nutrition, whole recipe (rough)
What these numbers assume: 4 portions
| Ingredient | Portion assumed | kcal |
|---|---|---|
| Flour | 1 cup (125g) all-purpose | 455 |
| Butter | 1 tbsp (14g) | 102 |
| Black Pepper | 1 tsp ground (2.3g) | 6 |
| Salt | 1 tsp (6g) | 0 |
One typical portion per ingredient; the recipe's quantities are not counted. A rough guide only, not for medical or dietary planning.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures. See the original page.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Flour + peppertop 19% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together50,459 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Butter + peppertop 21% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together85,593 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
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