Why it works: Sugar and flour are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 15% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 92,116 recipes. Both carry phenylacetaldehyde, which smells hawthorne, honey. The science ↓
Breakfast and Tea Cakes
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the dough
Take part of the dough left from bread making when ready to mould into loaves, work in lard and any other ingredients desired, such as butter, eggs, sugar, spice, etc., also using a little more flour.
Let rise once, then mix down and let rise again.
Turn out on the bread board, knead a few minutes, roll, and cut out with a biscuit cutter or mould by hand.
Shape and bake
Place in a well-greased dripping-pan, and when light, bake in a quick oven from fifteen to twenty minutes.
Wet them over the top with warm water just before placing in the oven to make them a nice color.
Brush lightly with milk and sugar, or the well-beaten yolk of an egg sweetened with a little milk added, to glaze them.
Biscuits may be baked in eight minutes by making the oven as hot as can be without burning them and allowing it to cool off before they are taken out. This makes them very light, but one has to watch them to keep them from being scorched.
Dough timing and handling
Bread or pastry mixed with water requires a hotter fire than if mixed with milk.
If you wish biscuit for tea at six, begin to mould two hours before, which will give ample time for rising and baking.
If you want American House rolls for breakfast at eight, you must be up at five to get them ready.
Many persons think it unnecessary to knead down either bread or biscuit as often as we have directed. But if attention is given to the dough at the right time, and it is not suffered to become too light, it will be much nicer, whiter and of a finer texture if these directions are followed.
Soda biscuit must be handled as little and made as rapidly as possible.
Soda biscuit, waffles and muffins
Mix soda and cream tartar or baking powder in the flour, so that the effervescence takes place in the mixture.
One teaspoon soda and two of cream tartar, or three teaspoons baking powder, to every three pints of flour, is about the right proportion.
Bake in a quick oven as soon as made.
Soda and raised biscuit, bread or cake when stale can be made almost as nice as when fresh by plunging for an instant into cold water, then placing in a pan in the oven ten or fifteen minutes. But thus treated they should be used immediately.
Waffle irons should be heated, then buttered or greased with lard, and one side filled with batter. Then closed and laid on the fire or placed on the stove, and after a few minutes turned on the other side.
They take about twice as long to bake as griddle cakes.
Muffins are baked in muffin rings.
In eating them, do not cut but break them open.
Nutrition, whole recipe (rough)
What these numbers assume: 2 portions
| Ingredient | Portion assumed | kcal |
|---|---|---|
| Flour | 1 cup (125g) all-purpose | 455 |
| Sugar | 1 tbsp (12.5g) granulated | 49 |
One typical portion per ingredient; the recipe's quantities are not counted. A rough guide only, not for medical or dietary planning.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures. See the original page.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Sugar + flourtop 15% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together92,116 recipes
Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Soda
- Reacts with an acid in the dough to release gas, lifting it and giving lightness.
- Baking powder
- Releases gas during baking so the biscuits rise and become light.
- Flour
- Forms the gluten network that gives the dough its structure and body.
The step that matters
Watching the bake. A very hot oven for a short time leaves little margin: the surface can scorch before the centre is fully set, so the biscuits need close watching. Glazes and wet tops brown quickly, which makes scorching more likely.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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