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From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Flour and sugar are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 15% of all ingredient pairs, and 92,116 recipes mention both. Both carry phenylacetaldehyde, which smells hawthorne, honey. The science ↓

Helpful Hints

Ingredients

Directions

  1. TO SCALD jMILK. — Put in double boiler, having water boiling; cover, and let stand on range until milk around edge has a bead-like appearance.

  2. TO EXTRACT JUICE FROM ONION.— Cut a slice from root end of onion ; draw back the skin and press onion on a coarse gratei", working with a rotary motion.

  3. TO CARAMELIZE SUGAR.— Put in a granite saucepan; place over range and stir constantly until melted and of the color of maple syrup. Care must be taken to prevent sugar from adhering to the sides of the pan or spoon.

  4. TO PREVENT SALT FROM LU:MPING — Mix with corn starch, allowing 1 teaspoon cornstarch to 6 teaspoons salt.

  5. TO "WASH CARAFES — Use handful of shot or rice in strong so- lution of soda and shake well; or half fill with hot soapsuds, to which is added 1 teaspoon washing soda. Put in new^spaper, torn in small pieces. Let stand 1/2 hour, shaking occasionally. Empty, rinse witli hot water, drain, wipe outside and let stand to dry inside.

  6. TO CLEAN GRANITEWARE where mixtures have been burned on. Fill wnth cold w^ater, add washing soda, pearline, or any soap powder; heat gradually to boiling point, then empty when dish may be easily washed.

  7. TO KEEP A SINK DRAIN FREE FROM GREASE.— Pour down once a week at night: i/o can Babbitt's potash dissolved in 1 quart water.

  8. A small piece of window glass will be useful for holding the leaves apart on a cook book, and one can read the recii)e and not soil the book by too much handling.

  9. IF POTATOES HAVE BOILED DRY, setting the kettle in\- mediately into cold water prevents a burned flavor. Boil a strong solution of soda in the bui'ned kettle.

  10. WHEN SINK DRAIN IS CHOKED pour into sink \\ pound cop- peras, dissolved in 2 quarts boiling water. If this does not clear it. repeat before sending for plumber.

  11. TIE STRANDS OF A NEW BROOIM closely together; put into a pail of boiling water, and soak 2 hours. Dry thorougiily before us- ing.

  12. BOTTLE CONTAINING OXALIC ACID should be marked poi- son, and kept on a high shelf.

  13. MISCELLANEOUS. 265

  14. TO KEEP ICE CHEST in a good condition ; wash thoroughly once a week with cold or lukewarm water in which washing soda has been dissolved. If anything is spilled in an ice chest, it should be wiped off at once.

  15. TO CLEAN PIANO KEYS, rub over witli alc.liol.

  16. FOR DISINFECTANT use Piatt's Chloride^. Chloride of lime is a valuable disinfectant, and cheaper than Platts' Chloride.

  17. TO REIMOVE RUST FROM STEEL, rub wc^ll with sweet oil and then with pulverized lime.

  18. TO REI\rOVE PAINT FROM GLASS, dip a damp doth in l)ak- ing soda and rub it over the spots.

  19. FOR A BRUISE apply hot water innnediately and all discolor- ation will be removed.

  20. FOR BURNS. Lime w^ater and sweet oil in equal quantities is one of the best remedies for a burn.

  21. TO CLEAN WILLOW FURNITURE use salt and water; apply with a nail brush. Scrub well and dry thoroughly.

  22. TO BRIGHTEN BRASS scour with salt and vinegar.

  23. FOR CLEANING BRASS OR COPPER, 4 oz. oxalic acid, 1 oz. powdered rotten stone, 1 paper Mount Eagle Tripoli, 1 qt. water.

  24. TO EXTERMINATE ROACHES or waterbugs ; sprinkle powder- ed borax and sugar in places where they are found.

  25. TO KEEP JELLY in ordinary glasses ; cover with melted par- affine.

  26. FISH may be scaled much easier by first dipping them into boiling water for a minute.

  27. SALT WILL CURDLE NEW MILK, hence, in preparing por- ridge, gravies, etc., salt should not be added mil 11 the dish is pre- pared.

  28. ^ TO BLANCH ALMONDS— Cover with boiling water and let stand two minutes; drain; put into cold water and rub off skins; dry between towels.

  29. TO WHITEN CLOTHES add a teaspoon of powdered borax to last water in which clothes are rinsed. This is especially good to remove yellow that time gives to white garments that have beeti laid aside for two or three years.

  30. BREAD JARS AND CAKE BOXES should be scalded twice a

  31. week in summer, sunning, if possible, to keep mold from gathei-ing

  32. 266 THE WARREN COOK BOOK

  33. WASH BOILERS WHEN RUSTY may be cleaned with sweet milk.

  34. TO CLEAR HOT FAT throw in a few slices of raw potato.

  35. IN PICKLING, alum helps to make the pickles crisp, while liorseradish and nasturtium seeds prevent vinegar from becoming muddy.

  36. To beat the whites of eggs quickly, put in a pinch of salt.

  37. To brighten tin that has not been burned, scour with soda.

  38. If those who make their own yeast would boil the hops in an old teapot much labor would be saved.

  39. Pour boiling water over raisins and the stones can be renw v'cd easily.

  40. JAMS AND JELLIES should be kept in a cool, dark, dry place. Keep a slate in the kitchen once and you will never do without it, as many trips to the grocery will be saved.

  41. TO WASH BLACK CALICO, scald in salt and water to set the color.

  42. TO RESTORE FROZEN PLANTS, as soon as discovered pour cold water over them, wetting every leaf thoroughly. In a few min- utes it will become crystalized with a thick coating of ice. In this state place them in the dark, carefully covered with a newspaper; the ice will slowly melt, leaving the plants in their original state.

  43. TO ]\IAKE FLAT IRONS SMOOTH rub them on fine salt. iv.>ep a little beeswax in a cloth in the ironing blanket for the same pur-- pose.

  44. TO CLEAN POLISHED FURNITURE, dip a chamois skin in warm water and wipe carefully.

  45. TO CLEAN OI^T STOVE PIPE, place a piece of zinc on live coals in stove. The vapors produced carry off soot by chemical de- composition.

  46. STAINS ON HANDS may be removed by rubbing with salt moistened with lemon juice. Then wash the hands in clear water.

  47. Glaze the bottom crust of fruit pies with white of an egg and they will not be soggy.

  48. Place anything cooked in fat upon blotting paper and it will not taste greasy.

  49. Salt fish are soonest freshened in sour milk.

  50. A dish of cold water placed in the oven will prevent a delicate cake from burning.

  51. MISCELLANEOUS. 261

  52. 1/2 yd. of cheese cloth makes a good dish cloth, if folded and stitched.

  53. A strip of muslin one inch wide, wet and placed to enclose the edge of a pie, will keep the juice from boiling out.

  54. FOR CHAPPED HANDS. One tablespoon lemon juice, 1 table- spoon glycerine, 2 tablespoons alcohol and a few drops of i)erfume. Shake the bottle well and rub a little on the hands after washing, be- fore drying.

  55. LISTERINE is an excellent disinfectant for the mouth and throat and is one of the best preservatives of the teeth known.

  56. The O'Dell Clothing Co.

  57. You can't help admiring our Clothes.

  58. They Fit Right

  59. They Wear Right

  60. and at the price we ask, no better value, if so good, can be secured outside of this store.

  61. In Choosing, you have the most complete line in this end of the state at your disposal.

  62. The O'Dell Clothing Co.

  63. Western Pennsylvania's Greatest Clothiers, Hatters and Furnishers

  64. WARREN :: :: PENN'A

  65. F you dress as well as you can, you'll wear Printz's Clothing. Nobody dresses any better. Your money spent for clothing here is merely on deposit until you re sure you re satisfied.

  66. Ice Company

  67. The Standard Grocery I I Company I I

  68. Dealers in Provisions, Foreign Fruits and Confectionery

  69. 106 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, EAST Union Phone 202-1 Bell Phone 42-B

  70. The Bennett,

  71. Hartzell and

  72. Widdifield Excel

  73. Manufactured by

  74. The Bennett Piano Company

  75. 224 Hickory St., Warren, Pa.

  76. BAD COLDS

  77. are the forerunners of dangerous diseases of the throat and lungs. H you have a cough, you can stop it with Pise's Cure. If you sufter trom hoarseness, sore throat, bronchitis or pains in the lungs. Piso s Cure will soon restore the irritated throat and lungs to normal, healthy condition. An ideal remedy for children. Free from opiates and dangerous m- gredients. For half a century the sovereign remedy m thousands ot homes. Even chronic forms of lung diseases

  78. RESPOND TO PISO'S CURE

  79. H. J. SCHINDLER

  80. Blank Book Manufacturer

  81. Printer and Book Binder

  82. 107 Penn'a Ave., W.

  83. Warren, Pa.

  84. J/ie ^i

  85. isses Kjnuaer

  86. •^rt anrl .^aLiisIc Ketone

  87. zlrictures framed to order >^rt

  88. &oods of all /iinds

  89. (classical and popular music

  90. 22r5 Ciberfy St.

  91. Warren News Co.

  92. Stationers Newsdealers

  93. Choice Post Cards SAVINGS BANK BLOCK

  94. The Newell Press

  95. JOHN T. NEWELL

  96. Particular Printing for Particular People

  97. Opp. Hotel Struthers Warren, Pa.

  98. Dennison Bros.

  99. Men's Boys' and Children's

  100. Clothing, Suits and

  101. Furnishings

  102. Dennison Bros.

By Warren, Pa. Presbyterian church. Second auxiliary missionary society. [from old catalog]. Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures. See the original page.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much aroma chemistry they share, and how many recipes mention both.

  1. Flour + sugartop 15% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapmoderate
    Mentioned together92,116 recipes

    Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).

  2. Lemon + flourtop 17% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapmoderate
    Mentioned together30,404 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  3. Lemon + sugartop 18% of all pairs
    Aroma overlaplow
    Mentioned together53,532 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

Lemon and sugar share little aroma chemistry, yet 53,532 recipes mention both: they likely work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

Flavor stand-ins for the lemon

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (flour, sugar):

  1. Raisinbetter flavor fit
  2. Vanillabetter flavor fit
  3. Blueberrybetter flavor fit
  4. Lemonthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against flour, sugar. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes. This compares flavor only: it does not check the job the ingredient does in the dish (bulk, moisture, acidity, structure).