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Bread

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Rolled and cut biscuits leavened with baking powder, made from flour, butter, milk and salt, then baked in a buttered pan.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Flour and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 14% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 78,219 recipes. Both carry isobutyraldehyde, which smells malty, green. The science ↓

Music and Songs

Ingredients

Directions

Mix the dough

  1. Sift a quart of flour.

  2. Mix in three spoons of baking powder.

  3. Rub in butter to egg size.

  4. Add salt.

  5. Add a pint of milk to wet the mixture.

Shape and bake

  1. Fold the dough on the moulding board.

  2. Gather gently and do not mould.

  3. Roll and cut the biscuits.

  4. Place them in a buttered pan.

  5. Bake them, coming in after half an hour.

Nutrition, whole recipe (rough)

604Calories
21 gProtein
9 gFat
107 gCarbs
What these numbers assume: 3 portions
IngredientPortion assumedkcal
Flour1 cup (125g) all-purpose455
Milk1 cup (244ml) whole149
Salt1 tsp (6g)0

One typical portion per ingredient; the recipe's quantities are not counted. A rough guide only, not for medical or dietary planning.

By Emily Huntington (1841–1909). Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures. See the original page.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Flour + milktop 14% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together78,219 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

Flour and milk barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 78,219 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Flour
Provides the structure that holds the biscuits together as they bake.
Baking powder
Releases gas when heated, helping the biscuits rise.
Butter (in the method)
Rubbed into the flour, it creates fat pockets that make the biscuits tender and flaky.
Milk
Moistens the flour and lets the dough come together.

The step that matters

Gather gently and do not mould. Overworking dough develops gluten, which makes biscuits tough instead of tender. Light folding and gathering keeps the layers separate and the crumb soft.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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