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Whole Wheat or Graham Bread

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 12 ingredients
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Why it works: Milk and wheat are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 6% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 2,418 recipes. Both carry (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal, which smells cucumber, melon. The science ↓

Whole Wheat or Graham Bread

Ingredients

Directions

  1. In a large bowl, combine the milk, sugar, and salt.

  2. Add the whole wheat flour and white flour, mixing until a dough forms.

  3. If the dough is too moist, add an additional cup of white flour.

  4. For the yeast, steep the hops in boiling water for 5 minutes.

  5. In another bowl, mix 1 cup of flour, ½ cup sugar, and 1 tablespoon salt.

  6. Strain the hop liquid and pour it boiling into the flour mixture, stirring until thick.

  7. Let the mixture cool, then add 1 cup of yeast.

  8. Cover and set in a warm place until foamy, about 4 to 5 hours.

  9. Pour the yeast into stone jars, filling them no more than half full, and keep in a cool place.

  10. Optionally, mash 3 boiled potatoes and add to the yeast mixture.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Milk + wheattop 6% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together2,418 recipes

    Shared aroma: (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal (cucumber, melon).

  2. Wheat + potatotop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together235 recipes

    Shared aroma: (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal (cucumber, melon).

  3. Milk + potatotop 9% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together3,611 recipes

    Shared aroma: (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal (cucumber, melon).

  4. Wheat + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together4,373 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  5. Milk + flourtop 14% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together78,219 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

Milk and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 78,219 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

Swap the potato

The recipe marks potato as optional. How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (milk, sugar, wheat, flour, hops):

  1. Potatothe original
  2. Arrowrootfits about as well
  3. Sweet potatofits about as well
  4. Capsicumfits about as well

Fit is the average pairing score against milk, sugar, wheat, flour, hops. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

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