Why it works: Milk and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Rye Bread
Ingredients
Directions
Make the dough
In a bowl, combine scalded milk and boiling water with lard, butter, brown sugar, and salt.
When the mixture is lukewarm, add the dissolved yeast cake and flour, and beat thoroughly.
Cover the bowl and let the mixture rise until light.
Add rye meal until the dough is stiff enough to knead.
Shape and bake
Knead the dough thoroughly, then let it rise again.
Shape the dough into loaves, let rise once more, and bake.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Flour + ryetop 8% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together1,320 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Milk + ryetop 12% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together918 recipes
Shared aroma: ethyl 2-methylbutyrate (fruity, apple).
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Milk + flourtop 14% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together78,219 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- All-purpose flour
- Provides the gluten network that gives the dough its structure and elasticity.
- Rye meal
- Adds rye flavor and earthy texture, and stiffens the dough so it can be kneaded.
- Yeast cake
- Produces carbon dioxide gas that makes the dough rise and become light.
- Brown sugar
- Feeds the yeast and adds sweetness and browning to the crust.
- Lard
- Adds fat that softens the crumb and gives a tender texture.
The step that matters
Knead the dough thoroughly. Kneading develops the gluten network that traps the gas from the yeast. Rye meal has little gluten, so thorough kneading is needed for the loaves to hold their rise.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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