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Dessert

Orange Pie

A pie with orange zest, juice, eggs, sugar, milk, and a meringue topping.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 7 ingredients
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Why it works: Orange and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 15% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 4,696 recipes. Both carry 1-octen-3-one, which smells mushroom, metallic. The science ↓

Orange Pie

Ingredients

Directions

The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.

Make the filling

  1. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).

  2. In a bowl, beat the egg yolks with 1 cup of sugar.

  3. Mix in the grated rind and juice of the oranges.

  4. Add 1 cup of milk or cream and stir well.

  5. Pour the mixture into the pie crust and bake until the crust is done.

Top and brown

  1. In another bowl, beat the egg whites until soft peaks form, then gradually add 3 tablespoons of sugar and continue beating until stiff peaks form.

  2. Spread the meringue on top of the pie and brown it in the oven.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Orange + milktop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together4,696 recipes

    Shared aroma: 1-octen-3-one (mushroom, metallic).

  2. Egg + milktop 18% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together88,785 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

  3. Sugar + milktop 18% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together77,875 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

  4. Orange + sugartop 20% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together19,212 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).

  5. Egg + sugartop 21% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together122,807 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

Sugar and milk barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 77,875 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Egg yolks
Thicken the orange filling as they set, giving it a rich, custard-like body.
Sugar
Sweetens the filling and helps stabilise the egg whites in the meringue.
Oranges
Provide the main flavour, with acidity from the juice and aroma from the rind.
Milk or cream
Adds moisture and richness, softening the set of the filling.
Egg whites
Whip into a foam that forms the meringue topping, which browns in the oven.

The step that matters

Beating the egg whites to stiff peaks. Under-beaten whites collapse and weep, while sugar added gradually into the foam keeps it glossy and stable. Stiff peaks hold the meringue up during browning.

Swap the orange

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (egg, sugar, milk):

  1. Vanillafits better
  2. Figfits better
  3. Raisinfits better
  4. Orangethe original

Fit is the average pairing score against egg, sugar, milk. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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