Why it works: Butter and flour are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 12% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes. Both carry isobutyraldehyde, which smells malty, green. The science ↓
Home-made Apple Pie
Ingredients
Directions
Work the butter with your hands until it reaches a waxy consistency. If your hands become numb, dip them in hot water briefly.
Divide the butter into three parts and keep on ice until needed.
Sift together the flour and salt.
Chop one-third of the butter into pieces and work it into the flour with your fingers until thoroughly incorporated.
Gradually add the ice water and work the mixture until it looks like small pellets.
Turn the mixture out onto a floured board and dredge with flour.
Use a rolling pin to gently tap and roll the dough until it is smooth and about ½ inch thick.
Roll it out to cover as large a surface as possible.
Dredge one piece of butter with flour, pat it thin, and place it on the dough. Fold the sides and ends, then press with your palm and roll out again.
Repeat this process with the third piece of butter. If you have energy, roll out the dough two or three more times, then keep on ice until needed.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
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