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Fish Sauce

A fermented fish condiment made with walnut pickle, port wine, mushroom catsup, anchovies, shallots, soy sauce, and cayenne pepper.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Mushroom and shallot are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 4% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 1,982 recipes. Both carry 2,4-decadienal, which smells seaweed. The science ↓

Fish Sauce

Ingredients

Directions

Make the sauce

  1. Combine all ingredients in a saucepan.

  2. Simmer for 15 minutes.

  3. Strain the mixture.

Bottle

  1. Allow to cool, then bottle in airtight containers.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Mushroom + shallottop 4% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together1,982 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2,4-decadienal (seaweed).

  2. Walnut + shallottop 6% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together440 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2,4-decadienal (seaweed).

  3. Port wine + shallottop 9% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together380 recipes

    Shared aroma: 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom, earthy).

  4. Port wine + mushroomtop 10% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together570 recipes

    Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).

  5. Mushroom + peppertop 11% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together13,580 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Anchovies
Dissolve into the liquid to give the sauce its deep savoury, umami flavour.
Shallots
Soften during simmering and add a mild, sweet onion-like aroma.
Walnut pickle
Adds concentrated tangy, sweet-sour flavour that gives the sauce its character.
Port wine
Adds sweetness and depth, and its acidity balances the salty and savoury notes.
Mushroom catsup
Contributes concentrated earthy, savoury umami flavour.

The step that matters

Simmer for 15 minutes. Simmering concentrates the flavours and softens the shallots and anchovies so they blend into the liquid. Boiling hard can reduce the liquid too quickly and make the sauce harsh.

Swap the walnut

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (port wine, mushroom, shallot, sauce, pepper):

  1. Chestnutfits better
  2. Beansfits about as well
  3. Walnutthe original
  4. Peasfits about as well

Fit is the average pairing score against port wine, mushroom, shallot, sauce, pepper. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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