Why it works: Milk and butter match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and 81,222 recipes mention both. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
The recipe
Ingredients
Contains: egg, milk, wheat, fish (auto-detected from the ingredients and method; we can miss things, so check labels)
Directions
The book says “a hot oven”. The 400°F (200°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.
Prepare the fish
Remove skin and bones from the fish and flake it.
Make the sauce
In a double boiler, combine milk, mace, onion, parsley, and bay leaf over heat.
Rub butter and flour together.
Stir the butter and flour mixture into the boiling milk.
Cook the mixture for 3 minutes.
Add the flaked fish and thinned egg yolks to the mixture.
Boil for 1 minute, then remove from heat and strain.
Bake and serve
Layer sauce and fish in a baking dish, finishing with a layer of sauce on top.
Sprinkle with breadcrumbs and dots of butter.
Bake at 400°F (200°C) until brown.
Serve in the baking dish.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much aroma chemistry they share, and how many recipes mention both.
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Milk + buttertop 3% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together81,222 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Fish + buttertop 5% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together4,432 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Parsley + macetop 5% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together4,268 recipes
Shared aroma: myristicin (spice, warm).
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Fish + milktop 5% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together1,417 recipes
Shared aroma: 4-heptenal (creamy, biscuit).
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Onion + parsleytop 6% of all pairsAroma overlapstrongMentioned together25,834 recipes
Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Cusk (in the method)
- Forms the flaked body of the dish, giving it substance and a tender texture.
- Milk
- Forms the base of the sauce, carrying the flavour and making it smooth when thickened.
- Egg yolks
- Enrich the sauce and help it set, adding richness and body when gently heated.
- Butter
- Mixed with flour to thicken the sauce, and dotted on top to encourage browning.
- Flour
- Thickens the milk into a sauce when cooked with butter.
The step that matters
Adding the egg yolks. Egg yolks thicken through gentle heat. If the mixture boils hard after they go in, they can scramble and turn grainy, so the sauce should only be brought to a light boil and then removed from heat.
Flavor stand-ins for the mace
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (fish, milk, egg, onion, butter, flour, parsley):
- Nutmegbetter flavor fit
- Thymebetter flavor fit
- Capersbetter flavor fit
- Macethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against fish, milk, egg, onion, butter, flour, parsley. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes. This compares flavor only: it does not check the job the ingredient does in the dish (bulk, moisture, acidity, structure).
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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