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To Pickle Lemons

A method of preserving lemons by salting and pickling with spices and vinegar.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Clove and allspice match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 7,874 recipes. Both carry estragole, which smells anise, licorice. The science ↓

To Pickle Lemons

Ingredients

Directions

Prepare the lemons

  1. Cut lemons deeply from end to end in several places, but not quite through.

  2. Fill the incisions with coarse sea salt.

  3. Place lemons upright in a dish near the fire or in the sun to dissolve the salt for three weeks, repeating as necessary.

Pickle

  1. After three weeks, place lemons in a jar with white mustard seed, bruised ginger, cloves, allspice, chilis, and turmeric.

  2. Boil vinegar and pour it over the lemons when cold.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Clove + allspicetop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together7,874 recipes

    Shared aroma: estragole (anise, licorice).

  2. Ginger + turmerictop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together2,776 recipes

    Shared aroma: eucalyptol (eucalyptus, herbal).

  3. Ginger + clovetop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together6,038 recipes

    Shared aroma: estragole (anise, licorice).

  4. Ginger + allspicetop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together2,620 recipes

    Shared aroma: estragole (anise, licorice).

  5. Mustard + allspicetop 2% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together1,928 recipes

    Shared aroma: methyleugenol (clove, spice).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Lemons
Their rind and flesh provide the main body, aroma and sour flavour of the pickle.
Coarse sea salt
Draws moisture out of the lemons and softens the rind over the long salting period.
Vinegar
Adds acidity that preserves the lemons and sharpens the final pickle.
White mustard seed
Contributes a pungent, sharp aroma that develops as the lemons steep.

The step that matters

Salting the lemons for three weeks. Salt must reach deep into the cut fruit and be turned over the full period so it draws out juice and softens the rind evenly. Too little salt or time leaves the rind tough and the pickle prone to spoiling.

Swap the lemon

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (mustard, ginger, clove, allspice, turmeric, vinegar):

  1. Limefits better
  2. Lemonthe original
  3. Mangofits about as well
  4. Cherryfits less well

Fit is the average pairing score against mustard, ginger, clove, allspice, turmeric, vinegar. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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