Why it works: Pepper and lemon match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Tomatoes on Toast
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 400°F (200°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.
Prepare
Remove the seeds from the tomatoes and slice them.
Arrange the tomato slices in a single layer in a baking tin.
Bake
Sprinkle the slices with seasoned breadcrumbs, pepper, and salt.
Place a small amount of butter on each slice.
Bake in a 400°F (200°C) oven for 15 minutes.
Serve
Serve the baked tomatoes on hot buttered toast, pouring the gravy around the dish.
Add a few drops of lemon juice for extra flavor if desired.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Pepper + lemontop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
-
Tomato + peppertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together17,923 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
-
Tomato + lemontop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together4,592 recipes
Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).
-
Butter + lemontop 16% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together41,227 recipes
Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).
-
Pepper + buttertop 21% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together85,593 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Tomatoes
- Provide the main body and juice that softens and forms the gravy as they bake.
- Fine breadcrumbs
- Absorb tomato juices and butter, forming a light, lightly browned topping.
- Butter
- Adds richness and helps the breadcrumb topping brown in the oven.
Swap the lemon
The recipe marks lemon as optional. How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (tomato, pepper, butter):
- Mangofits about as well
- Lemonthe original
- Cherryfits about as well
- Avocadofits about as well
Fit is the average pairing score against tomato, pepper, butter. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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