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Roast Duck

Roast Duck stuffed with bread, onion, pepper, salt, and butter, baked for an hour, served with brown gravy and currant jelly or green peas.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Bread and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,232 recipes. Both carry delta-decalactone, which smells sweet, creamy. The science ↓

Roast Duck

Ingredients

Directions

Prepare

  1. Wash and dry the duck.

  2. Make a stuffing with bread, onion, pepper, salt, and butter; insert it into the duck and sew it up completely.

Roast and serve

  1. Roast the duck for about 1 hour, basting it regularly.

  2. A few minutes before serving, dredge the duck lightly with flour to make it froth and look plump.

  3. Pour brown gravy over the duck and serve with currant jelly or green peas.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Bread + buttertop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together27,232 recipes

    Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).

  2. Onion + peppertop 11% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together68,474 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).

  3. Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  4. Onion + buttertop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together42,912 recipes

    Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).

  5. Bread + oniontop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together8,676 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2,4-decadienal (seaweed).

Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Duck
Provides the main meat, whose fat renders during roasting and keeps the flesh moist.
Bread
Forms a soft stuffing that fills the cavity and absorbs juices as the duck cooks.
Butter
Adds fat to the stuffing, enriching flavor and helping it stay moist.
Flour
Dredged on the surface, it helps the skin brown and turn crisp-looking.

The step that matters

Basting the duck regularly. Basting spreads the rendered fat and juices over the skin, helping it brown evenly and stay moist. Skipping it can leave the skin dry and pale.

Swap the currant

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (bread, onion, pepper, butter, flour):

  1. Avocadofits better
  2. Figfits better
  3. Lemonfits better
  4. Currantthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against bread, onion, pepper, butter, flour. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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