Why it works: Parmesan cheese and gruyere cheese match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 152 recipes. Both carry ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, which smells fruity, apple. The science ↓
Macaroni and Tomato
Ingredients
Directions
Cook the macaroni
Boil the macaroni in stock until tender.
Drain and rinse the macaroni with cold water.
Make the dish
In a saucepan, melt the butter over medium heat.
Add the macaroni, Parmesan, Gruyere, pepper, salt, nutmeg, cream, and tomato sauce.
Toss everything together for a few minutes until heated through.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Parmesan cheese + gruyere cheesetop 1% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together152 recipes
Shared aroma: ethyl 2-methylbutyrate (fruity, apple).
-
Pepper + nutmegtop 7% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together13,015 recipes
Shared aroma: 4'-methylacetophenone (bitter almond).
-
Pepper + tomatotop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together17,923 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
-
Butter + creamtop 8% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together41,516 recipes
Shared aroma: delta-dodecalactone (sweet, creamy).
-
Butter + parmesan cheesetop 9% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together4,163 recipes
Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Macaroni
- Forms the bulk of the dish and provides its starchy, chewy structure.
- Parmesan cheese
- Adds savory depth and salty flavor that browns and binds the sauce.
- Gruyere cheese
- Melts smoothly and adds nutty flavor and creaminess.
- Cream
- Adds moisture and richness, helping the cheese melt into a smooth coating.
- Tomato sauce
- Supplies acidity, moisture and a tomato flavor to the pasta.
The step that matters
Toss everything together until heated through. Heating gently and briefly keeps the cream and cheese emulsified and smooth; overheating can make the cheese turn grainy or oily and the sauce separate.
Swap the nutmeg
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, parmesan cheese, gruyere cheese, pepper, cream, tomato, sauce):
- Garlicfits about as well
- Celeryfits about as well
- Thymefits about as well
- Nutmegthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against butter, parmesan cheese, gruyere cheese, pepper, cream, tomato, sauce. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
More macaroni with tomato sauce recipes
You might also like
The free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.

Tomato Soup526 recipes
Cream of Tomato Soup107 recipes
Macaroni and Cheese102 recipes
Tomato Bisque61 recipes