Name: Mr. Heath's Camp Pie or Tart Crust
Ingredients: 1 cup all-purpose flour; 1½ teaspoons baking powder (or substitute with 2 teaspoons cream of tartar and 1 teaspoon baking soda); 4 ounces butter (or clarified suet); 7 tablespoons water; ¼ teaspoon coarse sea salt; 1 tablespoon sugar (optional, if making a tart)

Why it works: Cream and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 8% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 41,516 recipes. Both carry delta-dodecalactone, which smells sweet, creamy. The science ↓

Mr. Heath's Camp Pie or Tart Crust

Ingredients

1 cup all-purpose flour
1½ teaspoons baking powder (or substitute with 2 teaspoons cream of tartar and 1 teaspoon baking soda)
4 ounces butter (or clarified suet)
7 tablespoons water
¼ teaspoon coarse sea salt
1 tablespoon sugar (optional, if making a tart)

Directions

In a bowl, mix the flour, salt, and baking powder together.
Rub in the butter or suet until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs.
Add the water and mix quickly to form a dough.
Roll out the dough and cover the dish with it, ensuring the filling is ready beforehand.
If desired, glaze with a beaten egg and sprinkle with sugar before baking.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

Cream + buttertop 8% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together41,516 recipes

Shared aroma: delta-dodecalactone (sweet, creamy).
Cream + sugartop 9% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together43,450 recipes

Shared aroma: 2,3-butanedione (butter, sweet).
Flour + buttertop 12% of all pairs

Smell alikelow

Cooked together124,287 recipes

Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Flour + sugartop 15% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together92,116 recipes

Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).
Butter + sugartop 17% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together98,233 recipes

Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).

Flour and butter barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

White Cake431 recipes

Pound Cake373 recipes

Orange Bundt Cake349 recipes

Spice Cake344 recipes

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Mr. Heath's Camp Pie or Tart Crust