Why it works: Pepper and lemon match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Mushroom-toast, or Croute Aux Champignons
Ingredients
Directions
Make the mushroom sauce
Melt the butter in a saucepan over low heat.
Add the mushrooms, mace, and cayenne; stew for 10 to 15 minutes, stirring often.
Sprinkle in the flour and stir until lightly browned.
Gradually pour in the gravy or broth and simmer for 2 minutes.
Season with salt and lemon juice.
Prepare the bread and serve
Fry the bread slice in butter until light brown, or grill it after buttering.
Serve the mushroom mixture on top of the prepared bread.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Pepper + lemontop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
-
Mushroom + beeftop 4% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together3,232 recipes
Shared aroma: 2,4-nonadienal (fatty, green).
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Butter + breadtop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together27,232 recipes
Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).
-
Mushroom + buttertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together12,525 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-decenal (waxy, orange).
-
Pepper + beeftop 10% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together18,971 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Mushrooms
- Provide the main body and earthy flavour of the topping as they release their moisture.
- Butter
- Carries flavour and adds richness, and browns the bread and the sauce base.
- Flour
- Thickens the liquid into a sauce and helps the mixture brown lightly.
- Gravy or beef broth
- Supplies the liquid and savoury depth that forms the sauce.
- Bread
- Acts as a crisp, absorbent base that holds the mushroom topping.
The step that matters
Sprinkle in the flour and stir until lightly browned. Flour must cook in the fat long enough to lose its raw taste and to brown lightly, and stirring prevents lumps and scorching before the liquid is added.
Swap the mace
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (mushroom, butter, pepper, flour, beef, lemon, bread):
- Thymefits better
- Parsleyfits better
- Marjoramfits better
- Macethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against mushroom, butter, pepper, flour, beef, lemon, bread. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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