Why it works: Lemon and orange match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 10,634 recipes. Both carry 3-hexenal, which smells apple, fruity. The science ↓
A Comjion Apple Pudding
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the crust
Make a light crust by mixing flour and suet until crumbly. Use butter in the crust.
Fill and tie
Roll the crust thin and fill it with the apples.
Add lemon juice and rind, and add marmalade to the apples.
Tie the pudding in a cloth.
Boil
Boil for 1 hour and 20 minutes before Christmas.
Boil for 20-30 minutes longer after Christmas.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Lemon + orangetop 1% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together10,634 recipes
Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).
-
Lemon + nutmegtop 5% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together11,318 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).
-
Apple + orangetop 7% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together2,230 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).
-
Nutmeg + orangetop 8% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together2,746 recipes
Shared aroma: 4'-methylacetophenone (bitter almond).
-
Flour + nutmegtop 8% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together18,623 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- All-purpose flour
- Forms the structure of the crust as it sets with heat.
- Beef suet
- Adds richness and a tender, crumbly texture to the crust.
- Apples
- Provide moisture and the main fruit flavour inside the pudding.
- Butter
- Adds richness and tenderness to the crust when used.
- Marmalade
- Adds sweetness and a bitter-citrus note to the apples.
The step that matters
Boiling the tied pudding for the full time. Steady boiling water heats the pudding evenly, melting the suet and setting the flour so the crust cooks through. Cutting the time short leaves the centre doughy and the apples underdone.
Swap the nutmeg
The recipe marks nutmeg as optional. How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (flour, beef, apple, lemon, butter, orange):
- Cinnamonfits better
- Thymefits about as well
- Nutmegthe original
- Tarragonfits about as well
Fit is the average pairing score against flour, beef, apple, lemon, butter, orange. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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