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Roast Duck

Roast duck seasoned with onions, sage, butter, salt, pepper, bread crumbs, and optional apple.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 8 ingredients
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Why it works: Sage and pepper match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 5,388 recipes. Both carry beta-phellandrene, which smells minty, terpene. The science ↓

Roast Duck

Ingredients

Directions

Prepare the stuffing

  1. Slice the onions and chop the sage leaves.

  2. Blanch the onions and sage separately for 5 minutes.

  3. Drain and finely chop them.

  4. In a saucepan, combine the onions, sage, butter, salt, and pepper.

  5. Simmer gently for 10 minutes, stirring with a wooden spoon.

  6. Add a handful of bread crumbs and stir for 2 more minutes.

Roast the duck

  1. Truss the duck and roast it for 20 to 30 minutes over a brisk fire, basting occasionally.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Sage + peppertop 3% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together5,388 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).

  2. Butter + breadtop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together27,232 recipes

    Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).

  3. Sage + appletop 10% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together755 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-hexenal (green, leafy).

  4. Onion + peppertop 11% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together68,474 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).

  5. Onion + sagetop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together3,628 recipes

    Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Duck
Provides the main meat and fat that flavour and cook the dish.
Onions
Soften and sweeten when blanched and simmered, adding body to the stuffing.
Butter
Adds fat and richness, carrying flavour through the simmered onion mixture.
Bread crumbs
Absorb the buttery onion liquid, thickening the stuffing and giving it a soft texture.

The step that matters

Simmer gently for 10 minutes. Simmering gently softens the onions and evaporates excess moisture without scorching the butter. Too much heat can brown or burn the mixture before the bread crumbs are added, and it can make the stuffing bitter.

Swap the apple

The recipe marks apple as optional. How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (onion, sage, butter, pepper, bread):

  1. Lemonfits better
  2. Limefits better
  3. Avocadofits about as well
  4. Applethe original

Fit is the average pairing score against onion, sage, butter, pepper, bread. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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