Why it works: Pepper and lemon match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Collops
Ingredients
Directions
Fry the thin slices of meat in butter for 2 minutes on each side.
Place the cooked meat in a hot dish.
Strain and thicken the gravy in the frying pan, then bring it to a boil.
Pour the gravy over the meat.
For an alternative, season the meat with salt and pepper, then simmer in gravy with bits of bacon.
If using white gravy, add lemon peel, mace, and cream.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Pepper + lemontop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
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Butter + creamtop 8% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together41,516 recipes
Shared aroma: delta-dodecalactone (sweet, creamy).
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Ketchup + creamtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together279 recipes
Shared aroma: ethanol (alcoholic, ethereal).
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Pepper + macetop 16% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together12,257 recipes
Shared aroma: myristicin (spice, warm).
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Butter + lemontop 16% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together41,227 recipes
Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).
Pepper and mace barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 12,257 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
Swap the mace
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (meat, butter, pepper, ketchup, lemon, cream):
- Parsleyfits better
- Thymefits better
- Celeryfits better
- Macethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against meat, butter, pepper, ketchup, lemon, cream. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
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