Why it works: Pepper and lemon match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Devilled Game
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the birds
Split the woodcock, snipe, wild duck, or any game that is underdone.
Mix salt, cayenne pepper, curry powder, and wet with French mustard. Cover the birds inside and out with this mixture.
Make the sauce
Remove the brains when the head is split and, if using woodcock, add the trail.
Make a paste with the brains, yolk of the hard-boiled egg, mace, and lemon peel.
Season the paste with essence of anchovies, ketchup, or other sauce.
Add wine, cayenne pepper, pounded sugar, and lemon or Seville orange juice.
Cook and serve
Roll butter in flour and place the birds and sauce in a metal dish over a lamp.
Cover tightly and shake occasionally until most of the sauce is absorbed.
Serve hot.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Pepper + lemontop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
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Ketchup + sugartop 8% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together260 recipes
Shared aroma: ethanol (alcoholic, ethereal).
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Pepper + mustardtop 9% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together15,430 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
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Mustard + lemontop 11% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together3,816 recipes
Shared aroma: eucalyptol (eucalyptus, herbal).
-
Lemon + winetop 13% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together6,157 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Woodcock, snipe, or wild duck
- Forms the main meat that absorbs the seasoned sauce during cooking.
- Egg yolk
- Binds the brains, mace, and lemon peel into a smooth, thick paste.
- Butter
- Adds richness and moisture, helping the sauce coat the birds.
- Wine
- Adds liquid and acidity that carry the seasonings into the meat.
- Lemon or seville orange juice
- Adds acidity that brightens the sauce and balances the spices.
The step that matters
Cover tightly and shake occasionally until most of the sauce is absorbed. Keeping the dish tightly covered traps steam so the birds cook gently and stay moist. Shaking redistributes the sauce so it coats evenly, while reducing it until most is absorbed concentrates the flavour.
Swap the mace
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (pepper, mustard, egg, lemon, ketchup, wine, sugar):
- Tarragonfits better
- Thymefits better
- Parsleyfits better
- Macethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against pepper, mustard, egg, lemon, ketchup, wine, sugar. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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