Name: Lentils, Curried, with Slice and Barley
Ingredients: ½ pound lentils; 2 ounces rice; 2 ounces pearl barley; ⅓ cup tinned tomatoes; ⅓ cup chopped vegetables (carrot, onion, celery, etc.); 1 tablespoon oil or butter; salt to taste; herbs (for frying)

Why it works: Carrot and celery match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 10,173 recipes. Both carry myristicin, which smells spice, warm. The science ↓

Lentils, Curried, with Slice and Barley

Oven, in the book's wordsA very gentle oven

Ingredients

Directions

The book says “a very gentle oven”. The 300°F (150°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.

Prepare

Fry the onion until brown with a bunch of herbs.
In a baking dish, combine lentils, vegetables, rice, and barley, all washed and soaked.
Add oil or butter and cover with cold water.

Cook and season

Cook in a gentle oven at 300°F (150°C) for 3-4 hours, stirring occasionally.
Add salt to taste about 30 minutes before serving.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

Carrot + celerytop 1% of all pairs

Smell alikestrong

Cooked together10,173 recipes

Shared aroma: myristicin (spice, warm).
Rice + barleytop 3% of all pairs

Smell alikestrong

Cooked together568 recipes

Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).
Tomato + celerytop 4% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together3,377 recipes

Shared aroma: 4'-methylacetophenone (bitter almond).
Lentils + barleytop 4% of all pairs

Smell alikestrong

Cooked together57 recipes

Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).
Lentils + carrottop 5% of all pairs

Smell alikestrong

Cooked together505 recipes

Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Lentils: Break down during long cooking to thicken the stew and give it body.
Rice: Absorbs liquid and softens, adding bulk and a starchy texture to the stew.
Pearl barley: Releases starch as it simmers, adding body and a chewy texture.
Tinned tomatoes: Add acidity and moisture that balance the richness of the lentils and grains.
Oil or butter: Adds fat that carries flavour and gives the stew a richer mouthfeel.

The step that matters

Cook in a gentle oven at 300°F (150°C) for 3-4 hours, stirring occasionally.. A low, gentle heat lets lentils, rice and barley soften evenly without scorching on the base. Occasional stirring prevents sticking and keeps the starches from settling and burning.

Swap the onion

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (lentils, rice, barley, tomato, carrot, celery, butter):

Leekfits better
Turnipfits better
Parsnipfits better
Onionthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against lentils, rice, barley, tomato, carrot, celery, butter. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.