Why it works: Butter and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Fish Croquettes
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the fish
Remove all skin and bones from the fish and break it into small pieces.
Make the sauce
Melt the butter in a pan, add the flour, and gradually stir in the milk until boiling.
Cook the mixture well, then remove from heat and add the fish, cream, and seasonings.
Spread the mixture on a plate to cool.
Shape and fry
Once cooled, shape into round cakes or rolls.
Brush each with beaten egg and roll in breadcrumbs.
Fry in hot dripping until golden brown and garnish with parsley.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + milktop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Butter + creamtop 8% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together41,516 recipes
Shared aroma: delta-dodecalactone (sweet, creamy).
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Butter + fishtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together4,488 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Fish + milktop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together1,432 recipes
Shared aroma: 4-heptenal (creamy, biscuit).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Fish
- Forms the main body of the croquettes, giving them flavour and a flaky texture.
- Butter
- Adds richness and fat to the base, carrying flavour into the mixture.
- Flour
- Thickens the milk into a binding sauce that holds the croquettes together.
- Milk
- Forms the liquid base that, cooked with flour, becomes a thick, smooth binder.
- Egg
- Coats the shaped croquettes so the breadcrumbs adhere and form a crisp outer layer.
- Breadcrumbs
- Form a crisp, golden outer crust when fried.
The step that matters
Cool the mixture fully before shaping. A warm, loose mixture cannot hold its shape and will break apart when coated and fried. Cooling lets the starch-thickened binder set firm enough to form cakes or rolls.
Swap the mace
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, fish, flour, cream, milk, pepper, egg):
- Nutmegfits better
- Parsleyfits better
- Tarragonfits better
- Macethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against butter, fish, flour, cream, milk, pepper, egg. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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