Why it works: Lemon and pepper match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Ducks Stewed
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare
Half roast the duck.
Stew
Place it in a stewpan with gravy, red wine, chopped onion, lemon peel, cayenne, and salt.
Stew gently with the lid on until tender.
Finish the sauce and serve
Remove the duck from the sauce and boil the sauce quickly.
Pour the sauce over the duck and add truffles and morels if desired.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Lemon + peppertop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
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Onion + peppertop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together68,474 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
-
Red wine + peppertop 15% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together2,075 recipes
Shared aroma: ethyl 2-methylbutyrate (fruity, apple).
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Red wine + oniontop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together2,075 recipes
Shared aroma: gamma-nonanolactone (coconut, sweet).
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Onion + lemontop 19% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together15,646 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Duck
- Provides the main meat, which becomes tender through slow stewing in liquid.
- Red wine
- Adds acidity and depth of flavour to the sauce.
- Gravy
- Forms the liquid base of the sauce and carries moisture to the duck.
- Onion
- Adds savoury sweetness and aroma as it softens into the sauce.
The step that matters
Boil the sauce quickly after removing the duck. Rapid boiling reduces and concentrates the liquid, thickening it and intensifying its flavour. Doing this with the duck removed keeps the meat from toughening or overcooking while the sauce thickens.
Swap the onion
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (red wine, lemon, pepper):
- Tomatofits better
- Capsicumfits better
- Shallotfits better
- Onionthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against red wine, lemon, pepper. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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