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Gravy

A savory beef gravy made with anchovies, wine, and spices.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
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Why it works: Shallot and mushroom are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 4% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 1,982 recipes. Both carry 2,4-decadienal, which smells seaweed. The science ↓

Gravy

Ingredients

Directions

  1. Melt the butter in a frying pan over medium heat, ensuring it browns but does not burn.

  2. Add the beef, water, wine, anchovies, shallots, white pepper, cloves, mace, and mushrooms or walnuts.

  3. Let the mixture stew gently for about 1 hour.

  4. Strain the gravy for use.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Shallot + mushroomtop 4% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together1,982 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2,4-decadienal (seaweed).

  2. Beef + mushroomtop 4% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together3,232 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2,4-nonadienal (fatty, green).

  3. Shallot + clovetop 5% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together1,677 recipes

    Shared aroma: eucalyptol (eucalyptus, herbal).

  4. White wine + mushroomtop 5% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together1,765 recipes

    Shared aroma: ethyl octanoate (fruity).

  5. Clove + macetop 6% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together8,400 recipes

    Shared aroma: methyleugenol (clove, spice).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Beef
Provides the meaty flavor and body that the stewed liquid carries.
Butter
Browns in the pan to add a toasted, savory aroma before the liquids go in.
Red or white wine
Adds acidity and depth of flavor to the stewed liquid.
Anchovies
Dissolve during stewing to add savory depth without a fishy taste.
Shallots
Add a mild sweetness and aromatic flavor as they soften in the liquid.

The step that matters

Browning the butter. Butter that browns but does not burn develops nutty, toasted flavors from the milk solids. Once it turns black and bitter, that flavor carries into the whole gravy.

Swap the white pepper

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, beef, white wine, shallot, clove, mace, mushroom):

  1. Thymefits better
  2. Nutmegfits better
  3. Marjoramfits better
  4. White pepperthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against butter, beef, white wine, shallot, clove, mace, mushroom. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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