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Dessert

Derby or Short Cakes

A buttery shortbread with currants baked into round cakes.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 6 ingredients
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Why it works: Butter and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓

Derby or Short Cakes

Ingredients

Directions

The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.

Prepare

  1. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).

Make the dough

  1. Rub the butter into the sifted flour by hand.

  2. Add the currants, moist sugar, egg, and milk; mix until combined.

Shape and bake

  1. Roll the dough out thin and cut into round cakes using a cutter.

  2. Place the cakes on a clean baking plate.

  3. Bake in the oven for about 5 minutes.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Butter + milktop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together81,283 recipes

    Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).

  2. Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  3. Flour + milktop 14% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together78,219 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  4. Flour + sugartop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together92,116 recipes

    Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).

  5. Flour + eggtop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together106,462 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Butter
Coats the flour particles, keeping the dough short and crumbly rather than tough.
Flour
Provides the main structure that holds the shaped cakes together while baking.
Moist sugar
Adds sweetness and moisture, and helps the cakes brown slightly in the oven.
Egg
Binds the dough and adds richness and structure to the cakes.
Milk
Adds moisture that brings the dough together into a workable mass.
Currants
Add sweetness, fruity flavour and small chewy pockets throughout the cakes.

The step that matters

Rubbing the butter into the flour. Work the butter in lightly by hand until it resembles fine crumbs. Overworking develops gluten and makes the shortbread tough, while overly soft butter makes the dough greasy and spreads it during baking.

Swap the currant

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, flour, sugar, egg, milk):

  1. Vanillafits better
  2. Raisinfits better
  3. Figfits better
  4. Currantthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against butter, flour, sugar, egg, milk. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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