Why it works: Butter and flour are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 12% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes. Both carry isobutyraldehyde, which smells malty, green. The science ↓
Curry
Ingredients
Directions
Heat 2 oz. of clarified dripping or butter in a saucepan.
Peel and finely chop the onion.
Add the chopped onion to the hot dripping and brown it carefully.
Shake the saucepan occasionally to prevent sticking.
Cut the cold meat into small pieces.
Peel and core the apple, then chop it finely.
Once the onion is browned, strain it and return the dripping to the saucepan.
Add the pieces of cold meat and brown them on both sides.
Stir in the curry powder, flour, chopped apple, and salt.
Pour in ½ pint of cold water and add the browned onion.
Stir until it boils, then reduce heat and simmer uncovered for 30 minutes.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Butter + appletop 14% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together8,706 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
-
Butter + oniontop 15% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together42,912 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
-
Onion + flourtop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together32,460 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Onion + appletop 19% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together3,206 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
Swap the apple
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, onion, flour):
- Avocadofits better
- Raisinfits better
- Coconutfits better
- Applethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against butter, onion, flour. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
You might also like
The free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.

Apple Soup33 recipes
Tomato Soup526 recipes
Brown Bread461 recipes
Mutton Broth292 recipes