Why it works: Pepper and lemon match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Stewed Leeks
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the leeks
Cut off the roots and green tops of the leeks.
Wash the leeks well.
Stew the leeks
Place the leeks in a saucepan with the stock and stew gently until soft.
Remove the leeks from the saucepan.
Place the leeks on a hot dish.
Make the sauce and serve
In another saucepan, melt the butter.
Stir in the flour and mix well.
Strain the mixture into the stock.
Stir until it boils.
Season with pepper, salt, and lemon juice.
Pour the sauce over the leeks.
Serve.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Pepper + lemontop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
-
Leek + lemontop 8% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together162 recipes
Shared aroma: 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom, earthy).
-
Leek + flourtop 8% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together328 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Leek + peppertop 12% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together965 recipes
Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Leeks
- Main vegetable, becomes soft and tender as it stews in the stock.
- Stock
- Liquid that cooks the leeks and forms the base of the sauce.
- Butter
- Fat that melts with the flour to start the sauce base.
- Flour
- Thickens the stock into a smooth sauce when cooked with butter.
The step that matters
Stir in the flour and mix well. Flour must be fully mixed into the melted butter and then into the liquid without lumps. Cooking the butter and flour together, then stirring until it boils, lets the starch swell evenly and thicken the sauce smoothly.
Swap the leek
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (pepper, butter, flour, lemon):
- Shallotfits better
- Arrowrootfits about as well
- Okrafits about as well
- Leekthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against pepper, butter, flour, lemon. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
You might also like
The free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.
Lemon Sauce236 recipes
Leek Soup31 recipes
Tomato Soup526 recipes
Brown Bread461 recipes