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Preserved Lemons

These lemons pickled in brine and spices add an intense citrus flavour to Moroccan dishes - a larder essential

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Why it works: Lemon and star anise match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 4% of all ingredient pairs, and 163 recipes mention both. Both carry beta-phellandrene, which smells minty, terpene. The science ↓

The recipe

MAKES 1 litre/ 1 3/4 pts
Prep25 min

Ingredients

Directions

Method written by CompKitchen from the ingredient list. Not the original author's method, not kitchen-tested.

  1. Wash a 1 litre glass jar with hot soapy water, rinse well, then dry it in an oven at 120°C (250°F) for 10 minutes so it is sterile, and let it cool.

  2. Scrub the lemons well and dry them. Cut each lemon lengthwise into quarters, stopping about 1 cm (1/2 inch) from the base so the pieces stay attached.

  3. Open the cut lemons and pack sea salt generously into each cut, rubbing it over the flesh and inside the cuts.

  4. Put a little salt in the bottom of the jar, then press in a layer of salted lemons, tucking in some star anise, cinnamon sticks and whole coriander seeds between them. Repeat until all the lemons are used.

  5. Press the lemons down firmly with a spoon so they release their juice. Squeeze juice from any leftover salted lemon pieces over the top so the lemons are covered; if still short, add a splash of boiling water.

  6. Seal the jar tightly and leave it at room temperature for 3 to 4 weeks, turning or shaking the jar gently once a day and pressing the lemons back under the juice.

  7. After 3 to 4 weeks, the rinds should be soft. Keep the jar in the fridge once opened, and keep the lemons submerged in their juice.

By bbcgoodfood. Recipe from Open Recipes.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much aroma chemistry they share, and how many recipes mention both.

  1. Lemon + star anisetop 4% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapstrong
    Mentioned together163 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).

  2. Star anise + cinnamontop 1% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapstrong
    Mentioned together312 recipes

    Shared aroma: 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (sweet, anise).

  3. Lemon + coriandertop 2% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapstrong
    Mentioned together2,498 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).

  4. Star anise + coriandertop 3% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapstrong
    Mentioned together178 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).

  5. Cinnamon + coriandertop 3% of all pairs
    Aroma overlapstrong
    Mentioned together1,635 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

Flavor stand-ins for the coriander

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (lemon, star anise, cinnamon):

  1. Cardamombetter flavor fit
  2. Nutmegbetter flavor fit
  3. Clovebetter flavor fit
  4. Corianderthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against lemon, star anise, cinnamon. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes. This compares flavor only: it does not check the job the ingredient does in the dish (bulk, moisture, acidity, structure).