Why it works: Butter and bread are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,232 recipes. Both carry delta-decalactone, which smells sweet, creamy. The science ↓
Macaroni
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.
Cook the macaroni
Break the macaroni into three-inch pieces and add to 3 pints of boiling salted water.
Boil the macaroni for twenty minutes or until soft.
Drain the macaroni in a colander.
Rinse the macaroni with cold water to prevent sticking.
Cut the macaroni into one-inch pieces.
Place the macaroni in a shallow baking dish.
Make the white sauce
Combine 1½ cups of milk, 1 tablespoon of butter, and 1 tablespoon of flour in a saucepan.
Add salt to the sauce.
Pour the white sauce over the macaroni.
Bake and serve
Mix the bread crumbs with the melted butter and sprinkle the mixture over the top.
Bake at 350°F (175°C) until the crumbs are brown.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + breadtop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together27,232 recipes
Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).
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Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Milk + breadtop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together11,466 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-undecenal (sweet).
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Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Milk + flourtop 14% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together78,219 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Macaroni
- Forms the bulk of the dish and gives a firm, chewy structure once cooked.
- Milk
- Forms the liquid base of the white sauce, giving a creamy, moist texture.
- Butter
- Adds richness and flavour to the sauce and helps the crumbs brown in the oven.
- Flour
- Thickens the milk into a white sauce that coats the macaroni.
- Bread crumbs
- Form a crisp, golden topping that browns in the oven.
The step that matters
Rinse the macaroni with cold water to prevent sticking. Cooked pasta starch is sticky, so cold rinsing washes away surface starch and stops the pieces clumping together before the sauce is added.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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