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Dessert

Orange Pie

A pie made with grated orange, sugar, sweet milk, eggs, flour, and butter, topped with a sweetened egg white frosting.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 6 ingredients
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Why it works: Milk and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓

Orange Pie

Ingredients

Directions

The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.

Make the filling

  1. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).

  2. In a bowl, mix grated orange, sugar, butter, egg yolks, and flour until well combined.

  3. Add sweet milk and mix thoroughly.

  4. Pour the mixture into a pie crust and bake until set.

Make the topping and finish

  1. In another bowl, beat egg whites until stiff peaks form, then gradually add sugar until sweet.

  2. Spread the frosting over the baked pie and return to the oven to brown.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together81,283 recipes

    Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).

  2. Flour + buttertop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  3. Milk + flourtop 14% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together78,219 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  4. Sugar + flourtop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together92,116 recipes

    Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).

  5. Egg + flourtop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together106,462 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

Flour and butter barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Eggs
Yolks thicken the filling and whites whip into a foam that forms the topping.
Orange
Provides the main citrus aroma and bright, tangy flavor.
Sugar
Sweetens the filling and helps stabilize the beaten egg white topping.
Flour
Thickens the filling so it sets when baked.
Sweet milk
Adds liquid and moisture to the filling.
Butter
Adds fat for richness and a smooth, tender texture.

The step that matters

Beating the egg whites to stiff peaks. Any trace of yolk or fat in the whites, or adding sugar too quickly, can stop them from whipping into a stable foam. A stable foam holds its shape and browns evenly in the oven.

Swap the orange

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (sugar, milk, egg, flour, butter):

  1. Vanillafits better
  2. Raisinfits better
  3. Figfits better
  4. Orangethe original

Fit is the average pairing score against sugar, milk, egg, flour, butter. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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