Why it works: Milk and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Empress Pudding
Ingredients
Directions
The book says “a moderate oven”. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.
Prepare the rice
Simmer the rice in the milk until tender and fairly dry.
Add the butter, sugar, and a good pinch of salt.
Assemble the dish
Line the edge of a pie dish with pastry.
Spread a thin layer of rice on the bottom of the dish.
Cover thickly with jam or stewed fruit.
Repeat layers until the dish is full, finishing with a layer of rice.
Bake and serve
Bake in a moderate oven at 350°F (175°C) for about 40 minutes.
Serve with boiled custard sauce.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Milk + ricetop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together7,374 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).
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Rice + buttertop 16% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together9,645 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
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Butter + sugartop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together98,233 recipes
Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).
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Milk + sugartop 18% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together77,875 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).
Milk and sugar barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 77,875 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Rice
- Absorbs the milk as it simmers, forming the soft, starchy body of the pudding.
- Milk
- Cooks the rice and sets with it into a creamy, tender filling.
- Butter
- Adds richness and a smooth mouthfeel to the rice.
- Sugar
- Sweetens the rice and helps with gentle browning on the surface.
- Jam or stewed fruit
- Adds sweetness, fruit flavour and moisture between the rice layers.
- Paste or pastry trimmings
- Forms a crisp edge around the dish that holds the layers in place.
The step that matters
Simmer the rice until tender and fairly dry. Rice must absorb the milk fully before baking. If it stays wet, the layers will be soggy and loose rather than set into a sliceable pudding.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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