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Roast Shoulder of Lamb

A roasted shoulder of lamb cooked slowly with gravy, butter, lemon, and seasonings.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 9 ingredients
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Why it works: Lemon and pepper match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓

Roast Shoulder of Lamb

Ingredients

Directions

The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.

Prepare

  1. Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C).

  2. Place the shoulder of lamb in a roasting pan with more water than usual.

Roast and finish

  1. Roast slowly until nearly done, basting frequently with gravy.

  2. Five minutes before finishing, baste with melted butter mixed with lemon juice.

  3. Dredge the lamb with salt, pepper, and flour, then brown lightly.

  4. For variation, remove the bone and fill the cavity with a mixture of bread crumbs, butter, salt, and pepper.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Lemon + peppertop 3% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together27,047 recipes

    Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).

  2. Butter + breadtop 7% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together27,232 recipes

    Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).

  3. Lamb + peppertop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together3,165 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

  4. Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  5. Lamb + breadtop 14% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together598 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-undecenal (sweet).

Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Shoulder of lamb
Forms the main meat that cooks slowly and becomes tender with long, gentle roasting.
Butter
Adds richness and helps the surface brown and taste rounded when basted.
Lemon juice
Adds acidity that brightens the rich flavor of the lamb and butter.
Flour
Dries the meat surface so it browns lightly and forms a more even crust.
Bread crumbs
Absorbs butter and juices in the cavity, adding body and a soft stuffing texture.

The step that matters

Dredging and browning the lamb. Flour coating must be dry and even before browning, or it can clump or scorch instead of forming a light, golden crust.

Swap the lemon

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (lamb, butter, pepper, flour, bread):

  1. Lemonthe original
  2. Figfits about as well
  3. Raisinfits about as well
  4. Plumfits less well

Fit is the average pairing score against lamb, butter, pepper, flour, bread. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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