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Dessert

Fruit Cake

A sweet baked cake with butter, sugar, molasses, spices, eggs, flour, brandy, lemon juice, candied orange peel, walnuts, raisins, dates, and citron.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 14 ingredients
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Why it works: Lemon and orange match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 10,634 recipes. Both carry 3-hexenal, which smells apple, fruity. The science ↓

Fruit Cake

Oven, in the book's wordsA slow oven

Ingredients

Directions

The book says “a slow oven”. The 300°F (150°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.

Prepare

  1. Preheat the oven to 300°F (150°C).

  2. Slice the citron and orange peel.

Make the batter

  1. Cream the butter and sugar together.

  2. Add the mixed spices and molasses to the creamed mixture.

  3. Beat the egg yolks and add them along with part of the flour.

  4. Fold in the stiffly beaten egg whites.

  5. Gently mix in the floured fruit and nuts.

Bake

  1. Pour the batter into a prepared baking pan.

  2. Bake for about 1 hour and 15 minutes.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Lemon + orangetop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together10,634 recipes

    Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).

  2. Sugar + molassestop 11% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together9,225 recipes

    Shared aroma: ethanol (alcoholic, ethereal).

  3. Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  4. Sugar + flourtop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together92,116 recipes

    Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).

  5. Brandy + orangetop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together2,706 recipes

    Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).

Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Eggs
Yolks enrich and bind the batter, while whipped whites trap air that lifts the cake.
Flour
Its proteins set during baking, forming the cake's structure.
Butter
Creamed with sugar, it adds tenderness and rich flavour.
Sugar
Sweetens the cake, helps tenderize it, and aids browning.
Dark molasses
Adds sweetness, moisture, deep colour and a robust flavour.
Baking soda
Reacts with the acidic molasses to produce gas that helps the cake rise.

The step that matters

Folding in the egg whites. Whipped whites hold the air that lightens the batter. Stirring them in vigorously or too long knocks that air out, leaving a dense cake. Fold gently, just until no white streaks remain.

Swap the orange

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, sugar, molasses, flour, egg, brandy, lemon):

  1. Raisinfits better
  2. Vanillafits better
  3. Figfits about as well
  4. Orangethe original

Fit is the average pairing score against butter, sugar, molasses, flour, egg, brandy, lemon. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

More fruit cake recipes

White 89Black 40Christmas 29Eggless 27Molasses 23Apple 17 See all 952 →

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