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Dessert

Plain Icing

A simple icing made from egg whites, sugar, boiling water, and optional flavoring or coloring.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 5 ingredients
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Why it works: Sugar and lemon are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 18% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 53,532 recipes. Both carry 2-nonenal, which smells fatty, green. The science ↓

Plain Icing

Ingredients

Directions

Make the icing

  1. Beat the egg whites to a stiff froth.

  2. Gradually add as much sugar as possible.

  3. Slowly mix in the boiling water.

  4. Add more sugar to achieve the desired thickness.

Flavor and finish

  1. Flavor with your choice of extract or liquor.

  2. Color the icing if desired.

  3. For a glossy finish, place the iced cakes in the oven door for five seconds.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Sugar + lemontop 18% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together53,532 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

  2. Egg + lemontop 19% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together44,316 recipes

    Shared aroma: (e,e)-2,4-decadienal (fatty, deep fried).

  3. Egg + sugartop 21% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together122,807 recipes

    Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).

Sugar and lemon barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 53,532 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Egg whites
Whipped into a stiff foam that gives the icing its light, airy structure.
Granulated sugar
Dissolves into the foam and sets as the icing thickens, adding sweetness and body.
Boiling water
Loosens the sugar and egg white mixture so it spreads smoothly.

The step that matters

Slowly mix in the boiling water. Adding the hot water gradually keeps the egg white foam from collapsing and helps the sugar dissolve evenly, so the icing stays smooth and spreadable.

Swap the lemon

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (egg, sugar):

  1. Vanillafits better
  2. Raisinfits about as well
  3. Lemonthe original
  4. Datesfits less well

Fit is the average pairing score against egg, sugar. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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