Why it works: Milk and vanilla are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 5% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 19,187 recipes. Both carry ethyl caproate, which smells fruity, apple peel. The science ↓
Bread Pudding
Ingredients
Directions
The book says “a slow oven”. The 300°F (150°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.
Prepare the custard
Remove the crust from the bread, dip it in water, and squeeze out the excess.
In a bowl, mix the eggs and sugar until well combined.
Add the soaked bread, milk, butter, and vanilla to the egg mixture.
Slice and butter the bread cubes, then add them to the custard and let it stand for 15 minutes.
If the custard is not fully absorbed, add more bread.
Stir in the raisins and nuts.
Bake and top
Pour the mixture into a shallow buttered pan, about 1 inch thick, and bake in a slow oven at 300°F (150°C).
Once cool, spread jelly on top about 1 inch thick.
Beat the egg whites to make meringue, then spread it over the jelly and let it brown slightly.
When cool, cut into slices and serve like cake.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Milk + vanillatop 5% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together19,187 recipes
Shared aroma: ethyl caproate (fruity, apple peel).
-
Butter + breadtop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together27,232 recipes
Shared aroma: delta-decalactone (sweet, creamy).
-
Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
-
Vanilla + nutstop 8% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together638 recipes
Shared aroma: alpha-pinene (pine, turpentine).
-
Sugar + vanillatop 8% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together35,032 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).
Sugar and vanilla barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 35,032 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Eggs
- Set the custard into a sliceable structure as they cook.
- Milk
- Provides the liquid that the eggs thicken and that soaks into the bread.
- Bread
- Absorbs the custard and forms the body of the pudding.
- Sugar
- Adds sweetness and helps balance the richness of the eggs and milk.
- Egg whites
- Whipped into a foam that forms the meringue topping and browns in the oven.
The step that matters
Bake the custard in a slow oven. Eggs set gently at moderate heat. Too much heat makes the custard curdle, weep, or turn rubbery, so the pudding should be baked low and slow.
Swap the nuts
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (egg, sugar, milk, butter, vanilla, bread, raisin):
- Almondfits better
- Chestnutfits better
- Pecansfits better
- Nutsthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against egg, sugar, milk, butter, vanilla, bread, raisin. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
More bread pudding recipes
You might also like
The free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.

Vanilla Ice Cream108 recipes
Soft Ginger Bread85 recipes
Orange Potato Bread80 recipes
Bread Crumb Cakes30 recipes