Why it works: Milk and butter are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and 81,283 recipes mention both. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Parker House Rolls
Ingredients
Directions
The book says “a quick oven”. The 400°F (200°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.
Prepare the dough
Scald the milk and let it cool.
In a large bowl, make a hole in the flour and add the cooled milk, sugar, butter, and yeast.
Mix well and let it stand overnight.
Mould the dough and let it rise until noon.
Shape and rise
Shape into rolls and let them rise again until supper.
Before baking, sprinkle the dough with sugar and dissolved baking soda, then work it well.
Roll the dough thin, grease the surface with butter, and fold the buttered sides together.
Place in baking pans and let rise again.
Bake
Bake in a hot oven at 400°F (200°C) until golden.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much aroma chemistry they share, and how many recipes mention both.
-
Milk + buttertop 7% of all pairsAroma overlapmoderateMentioned together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
-
Flour + buttertop 12% of all pairsAroma overlaplowMentioned together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Flour + milktop 14% of all pairsAroma overlaplowMentioned together78,219 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Flour + sugartop 15% of all pairsAroma overlapmoderateMentioned together92,116 recipes
Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).
-
Sugar + buttertop 17% of all pairsAroma overlapmoderateMentioned together98,233 recipes
Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).
Flour and butter share little aroma chemistry, yet 124,287 recipes mention both: they likely work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Flour
- Forms the gluten network that gives the rolls their structure and chew.
- Yeast
- Produces gas during the long rise, leavening the dough so it becomes light.
- Milk
- Adds moisture and richness, and its proteins help give the crumb a soft texture.
- Butter
- Adds fat that tenderizes the crumb and helps the folded layers separate and brown.
- Sugar
- Feeds the yeast and adds sweetness and browning in the baked crust.
- Baking soda
- Reacts with acid in the dough to add extra lift and help browning.
The step that matters
Letting the dough rise fully. Yeast needs time and warmth to produce enough gas for a light crumb. Shaping or baking before the dough has risen enough yields dense rolls, so the rises must be completed before moving on.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
You might also like
Tomato Soup526 recipes
Brown Bread461 recipes
Mutton Broth292 recipes
Yorkshire Pudding264 recipesThe free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account for sign-in; Pro adds the full results and chemistry.