Why it works: Pepper and lemon match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 27,047 recipes. Both carry trans-2-nonenal, which smells cardboard, fatty. The science ↓
Cod, Stewed
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare
Lightly fry the cod slices in butter or dripping until golden.
Drain the cod from the fat and place in a stewpan.
Make the sauce and simmer
Add stock, mace, cayenne, butter mixed with flour, anchovy essence, sherry, and lemon juice.
Simmer for 8 minutes, then add chopped oysters and their liquor.
Simmer for an additional 2 minutes.
Serve
Serve the cod on a hot dish, pouring the sauce over it.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Pepper + lemontop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together27,047 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
-
Anchovy + oystertop 8% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together603 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
-
Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Butter + oystertop 12% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together8,184 recipes
Shared aroma: 2,6-nonadienal (cucumber, green).
-
Butter + anchovytop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together3,697 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Cod
- Forms the flaky main body of the dish, cooked gently in the sauce.
- Butter
- Adds richness and carries flavour, and flour mixed in thickens the sauce.
- Flour
- Thickens the stock-based sauce so it coats the fish.
- Oysters
- Contribute a briny, savoury flavour to the sauce.
- Sherry
- Adds acidity and aromatic depth to the sauce.
- Stock
- Forms the liquid base of the sauce that the fish simmers in.
The step that matters
Frying the cod until golden. Browning the surface through the Maillard reaction builds flavour before the fish is stewed. Frying too gently leaves it pale and bland, while fish left too long can break apart once simmered in the sauce.
Swap the mace
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, pepper, flour, anchovy, sherry, lemon, oyster):
- Parsleyfits better
- Thymefits better
- Capersfits better
- Macethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against butter, pepper, flour, anchovy, sherry, lemon, oyster. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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