Why it works: Apple and cinnamon are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 4% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 5,598 recipes. Both carry methyl cinnamate, which smells strawberry. The science ↓
Apple Pie
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 400°F (200°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point. The book gives no cooking times either; the times in the steps were added in transcription, so check for doneness rather than trusting the clock.
Prepare
Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C).
In a bowl, mix sliced apples, sugar, flour, cinnamon, and lemon juice.
Assemble and bake
Place the apple mixture into the pie crust.
Cover with another pie crust or lattice top.
Bake for 30-40 minutes until the apples are tender and the crust is golden brown.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Apple + cinnamontop 4% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together5,598 recipes
Shared aroma: methyl cinnamate (strawberry).
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Cinnamon + lemontop 7% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together7,950 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).
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Flour + cinnamontop 9% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together17,341 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
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Sugar + cinnamontop 10% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together30,779 recipes
Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).
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Apple + lemontop 14% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together7,551 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
Sugar and cinnamon barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 30,779 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Sliced apples
- Provide the main filling that softens and becomes tender during baking.
- Sugar
- Adds sweetness and helps draw moisture from the apples to form a syrup.
- Flour
- Thickens the juices released by the apples so the filling holds together.
- Lemon juice
- Adds acidity that brightens the apple flavor and helps the apples keep their shape.
- Pie crust
- Forms the structure that holds the filling and browns in the oven.
The step that matters
Let the filling thicken before baking. Flour must be mixed evenly with the sugar and apple juices so it can thicken during baking; uneven mixing leaves pockets of raw starch or a runny filling.
Swap the lemon
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (apple, sugar, flour, cinnamon):
- Raisinfits better
- Vanillafits better
- Pearfits better
- Lemonthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against apple, sugar, flour, cinnamon. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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