Why it works: Butter and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Lemon Pie
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.
Make the filling
Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).
In a bowl, combine grated lemon rind, lemon juice, sugar, egg yolks, butter, milk, and cornstarch.
Beat the mixture until well mixed.
Pour the mixture into a pie crust and bake until set.
Top and brown
In another bowl, beat the egg whites until soft peaks form.
Gradually add 3 tablespoons of sugar and continue beating until stiff peaks form.
Spread the meringue over the baked pie and brown it in the oven.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + milktop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Lemon + milktop 15% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together19,053 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).
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Lemon + buttertop 16% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together41,227 recipes
Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).
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Egg + buttertop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together118,967 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
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Sugar + buttertop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together98,233 recipes
Shared aroma: guaiacol (smoky, sweet).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Egg yolks
- Enrich the filling and help it thicken and set when baked.
- Cornstarch
- Thickens the lemon filling so it holds its shape when cut.
- Egg whites
- Whipped into meringue that forms the light, airy topping.
- Lemon juice
- Adds the sharp acidity that balances the sweetness of the filling.
- Sugar
- Sweetens the filling and helps stabilise the whipped egg white meringue.
The step that matters
Beating the egg whites to stiff peaks. Egg whites must be beaten until stiff and sugar added gradually so the foam holds its volume. Under-beaten or greasy whites collapse, leaving a weepy, flat topping.
Swap the lemon
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (sugar, egg, butter, milk):
- Vanillafits better
- Figfits about as well
- Coconutfits about as well
- Lemonthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against sugar, egg, butter, milk. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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