Why it works: Butter and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Baked Potatoes
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.
Prepare
Pare and slice the potatoes thinly.
In a buttered pudding pan, layer the potatoes.
Dredge each layer with flour and sprinkle with salt and pepper, adding a little butter.
Continue layering until the pan is full.
Bake
Fill the pan more than halfway with sweet milk.
Bake for about 2 hours at 350°F (175°C).
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + milktop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Potato + peppertop 9% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together8,305 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
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Potato + milktop 9% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together3,611 recipes
Shared aroma: (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal (cucumber, melon).
-
Flour + buttertop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Potato + buttertop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together6,456 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
Flour and butter barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Potatoes
- Form the bulk of the dish, becoming tender as they cook through in the milk.
- Flour
- Dusted between layers, it thickens the sweet milk into a creamy, cohesive sauce.
- Butter
- Adds richness and fat, helping the top brown and flavouring the layers.
- Sweet milk
- Cooks the potatoes gently and, combined with flour, forms a creamy sauce.
The step that matters
Fill the pan more than halfway with sweet milk. Enough liquid is needed so the potatoes cook through evenly; the flour thickens the milk as it heats, so the sauce sets creamy rather than watery or grainy.
Swap the potato
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (flour, pepper, butter, milk):
- Potatothe original
- Capsicumfits about as well
- Chivefits less well
- Shallotfits less well
Fit is the average pairing score against flour, pepper, butter, milk. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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