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Bechamel Sauce

A creamy sauce made from butter, flour, stock, cream, egg yolk, salt, and white pepper.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 7 ingredients
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Bechamel Sauce

Why it works: Butter and cream are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 8% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 41,516 recipes. Both carry delta-dodecalactone, which smells sweet, creamy. The science ↓

Bechamel Sauce

Ingredients

Directions

  1. Melt the butter in a saucepan without browning it.

  2. Add the flour and mix until smooth.

  3. Stir in the stock and cream, and continue stirring until it boils.

  4. Remove from heat and add the salt, white pepper, and beaten egg yolk.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Butter + creamtop 8% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together41,516 recipes

    Shared aroma: delta-dodecalactone (sweet, creamy).

  2. Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together124,287 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  3. Flour + eggtop 15% of all pairs
    Smell alikelow
    Cooked together106,462 recipes

    Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

  4. Butter + eggtop 17% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together118,967 recipes

    Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).

  5. Flour + creamtop 20% of all pairs
    Smell alikemoderate
    Cooked together30,481 recipes

    Shared aroma: acetaldehyde (pungent, ethereal).

Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Butter
Fat that carries flavor and forms the base of the flour thickener.
Flour
Starch that thickens the liquid into a smooth sauce as it cooks.
Stock
Liquid that forms the body of the sauce and adds savory flavor.
Cream
Adds fat for richness and a smoother, silkier texture.
Egg yolk
Proteins thicken and enrich the sauce when gently heated.

The step that matters

Adding the egg yolk off the heat. Egg yolk proteins set at moderate heat, so adding it to a boiling sauce can scramble it into lumps. Removing the pan from the heat first lets the yolk thicken the sauce smoothly.

Swap the white pepper

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (butter, flour, cream, egg):

  1. Nutmegfits better
  2. Capersfits better
  3. Jalapenofits better
  4. White pepperthe original

Fit is the average pairing score against butter, flour, cream, egg. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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