Why it works: Lemon and orange match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 10,634 recipes. Both carry 3-hexenal, which smells apple, fruity. The science ↓
Mock Mince Pie
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 350°F (175°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.
Prepare
Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C).
Make the filling
In a bowl, cream together the butter and sugar.
Beat the egg until light and add it to the butter mixture.
Stir in the molasses, vinegar, raisins, chopped apples, lemon, orange, currants, citron, and chopped soda crackers.
Dissolve the baking soda in the cold water and add it to the mixture.
Season with nutmeg, cinnamon, and cloves to taste.
Bake
Pour the mixture into pie crusts and bake until set.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Lemon + orangetop 1% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together10,634 recipes
Shared aroma: 3-hexenal (apple, fruity).
-
Apple + orangetop 7% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together2,230 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).
-
Sugar + molassestop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together9,225 recipes
Shared aroma: ethanol (alcoholic, ethereal).
-
Molasses + raisintop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together3,577 recipes
Shared aroma: ethanol (alcoholic, ethereal).
-
Raisin + orangetop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together1,684 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Sugar
- Adds sweetness and helps give the filling its moist, rich body.
- Molasses
- Adds deep sweetness, moisture and a dark, caramel-like flavor.
- Butter
- Adds fat for richness and a tender texture.
- Apples
- Add moisture and a tart fruitiness that balances the sweetness.
- Raisins
- Add concentrated sweetness and chewy texture.
- Baking soda
- Reacts with the acids in the vinegar and molasses to create gas bubbles that lighten the filling.
The step that matters
Dissolve the baking soda in the cold water and add it to the mixture. Baking soda must be fully dissolved and evenly distributed so it reacts uniformly with the acidic ingredients. Clumps can leave bitter, soapy pockets and uneven lift.
Swap the raisin
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (sugar, molasses, vinegar, butter, apple, lemon, orange):
- Figfits better
- Pearfits better
- Peachfits better
- Raisinthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against sugar, molasses, vinegar, butter, apple, lemon, orange. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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