Why it works: Butter and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 7% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 81,283 recipes. Both carry (z)-4-heptenal, which smells biscuit, cream. The science ↓
Codfish Balls
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the cod
Wash the codfish and place it in a pot covered with cold water.
Bring to a boil, then drain and cover again with cold water.
Boil until the fish is cooked through.
Remove bones from the fish and flake it.
Form and fry
In a bowl, mix the codfish, mashed potatoes, mustard, butter, and milk.
Form the mixture into balls.
Fry the balls in hot oil until golden brown.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Butter + milktop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together81,283 recipes
Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
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Potato + mustardtop 7% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together1,340 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
-
Mustard + walnuttop 9% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together849 recipes
Shared aroma: eucalyptol (eucalyptus, herbal).
-
Potato + milktop 9% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together3,611 recipes
Shared aroma: (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal (cucumber, melon).
-
Potato + walnuttop 11% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together342 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-undecenal (sweet).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Codfish
- Provides the main body and flavor of the balls once flaked and mixed.
- Mashed potatoes
- Bind the fish together and add moisture and body to the mixture.
- Butter
- Adds richness and fat, which keeps the balls moist and tender.
- Milk
- Adds moisture that helps the mixture hold together softly.
- French mustard
- Adds sharpness and a savory bite that balances the fish.
The step that matters
Frying the balls in hot oil. Oil that is hot enough browns the outside quickly and seals in moisture. If the oil is too cool, the balls absorb grease and turn heavy and soggy.
Swap the mustard
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (potato, butter, walnut, milk):
- Chivefits better
- Capsicumfits better
- Asparagusfits better
- Mustardthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against potato, butter, walnut, milk. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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